Determining Degree of
Covariance, r
ik
Ø
u(x
i,
x
k
) = u(x
i
)u(x
k
)r
ik
for -1<r
ik
<1
Ø
Previous tests
l
With enough data can calculate
r
ik
for a
particular test/situation
Ø
Analytical
Ø
Experience
l
Can make an educated guess about value of r